Sanaan booda, jecha ‘dictionary’ jedhamuun bakka bu’uun hanga har’aatti tajaajilaa jira. 2.3 Seenaa Guddina Galmee Jechootaa Afaan Oromoo Afaan Oromoo afaan dubbattoota hedduu qabu yoo ta’eyyuu kan yeroo dheeraaf/jaarraa tokkoo oliif/ hacuuccaa jala ture ta’uun isaa ni beekama. Waa’ee bal’ina afaan kanaa. Kitaaba seenaa oromoo pdf downloads seenaa oromoo durii pdf Diraamaa Bara Durii 2. Libro enfrente a sus gigantes max lucado pdf. Arrabni qoraattiifi sammuu joonja aan jaarraa 21ffaa keessatti bakka hinqaban. Quran afaan oromootiin Seenaa Sagalee Waaqayoo Macaafa Qulqulluu kan keessatti argamu Seera Uumamaa 22 24 Saaqamuun dubbii keetii ifa in. Kitaabni seenaa Oromoo tokkos akka ragaa bahetti amantiin “kan ittiin ummanni tokko Uumaafi uumama, akkasumas jireenya ilaalu, hubatu, abdii dhugeeffatee ittiin jiraatu.”1 Akkuma ummata kamuu, ummanni Oromoos amantii ganamaafi sirii kan ittiin dhugaa. Mammaaksi hawaasa oromoo keessatti gahee guddaa qaba.Seenaa, duudhaa, amantaa fi safuu isaanii ittiin ibsachuuf mammaaksatti gargaaramu.Jaalalaa fi kabaja fira fi lafa, biyya isaaniif qaban mammaaksa gargaaramanii ibsatu.Akka fakkeenyaatti, Seenaa Gonfaa(2008:2) irratti mammaaksa gargaaramuun jaalala haadhaaf qaban yemmuu ibsitu, The Oromo have.
Oromoon saba Afrikaa keessa jiraatu, kan Itoophiyaa keessaa fi haga diqqoo immoo ummata Keeniyaa fi Somaaliyaa keessatti argamu dha. Sabi Oromoo saba Itoophiyaa keessatti baay'ina ummataan tokkoffaa irra jiru. Akka Qo'annoo bara 1994 (akka dhaha Giriigooriyaanitti) baay'nni ummata Oromoo dhbbantaa ummata Itoophiyaa 32.1% qabata. Har'a baayyini ummata Oromoo miliyoona 25 oli dha. Afaan dubbatamus Afaan Oromoo jedhama.
[edit]Seenaa Oromoo
Ummatni Oromoo ummata afaan kushi dubbatu kan bahaa fi kaaba baha Afrikaa keessatti argaman keessaa tokko dha. Ummatni Oromoo kaabaan hanga Tigraay, kibbaan hanga Keeniyaa faffaca'ee argama. Gaanfa Afrikaa keessa Oromoon saba kushii dubbatu guddicha dha. Akkaataan lafa, aadaa fi afaan isaa Oromoo Afrikaa keessa dabre immoo addunyaa keessatti akka beekamtu isa godheera. Qo'annoon jiru akka ibsutti Oromoon ganna kumaa ol Afrikaa Bahaa keessa akka jiraate amanama (Prouty at al, 1981).
Oromoo Saba 'Pastoralist/nomadic' fi 'semi-agriculturalist' jedhaman keessaa akka dhufe amanama. Jaarraa 16 keessatti eega mootummaan Habashaa fi Sulxaanetii Adaal wal hadhanii lachuu dadhabanii dhiisanii booda, ummanni Oromoo gara Kaabaatti (kaaba Oromiyaa ammaatti)babal'atan. Abbaan amantii 'Baahiree' jedhamu akka bara 1593tti barreessetti jajjabeenya Oromoon yeroo sunitti qabu cimaa akka ture ibseera. Bahrey itti aanee Oromoon akka gara kaaba-dhihaatti gara Arsii, Shawaa, Wallagga fi Goojjam akkasumas gara kaaba-bahaan gara Harargee fi Walloo akka fafaca'e ibseera. Harold G. Marcus akka jedhetti kaabi-dhihaa Boorana akka bakki Oromoon duran qubate akka ta'e ibseera. Jaarraa 17 jalqabee Oromoon Amaara irraa gargar bahuu jalqaban. Haa ta'u malee, Oromoon bulchiinsa Itoophiyaa bara suni keessatti bakka argachuu jalqabde. Keessattuu Emperor Iyoas 1ffaan (1730-55) Oromoota saba haadha isaa ta'an ofitti dhiheessuu jalqabe. Akkasumas waltajjii Gondar keessatti Afaan Oromoo akka dubbatamu taasise. Bara 'Zemene Mesafinti' keessatti dhaloota Oromoo kan ta'an Yejjuun bara dheeraaf waraanaan Imperoota Itoophiyaa dursaa turan. Akkasumas Begemder, Enderases jalatti qoodamuu jalqaban. Yejjuunis Raas Alii 1ffaa jala bulaa ture, haa ta'u malee, bara dheeraan duuba Tewodiroos 1ffaan Raas Alii 1ffaa injifate. Ta'us, ammallee Impereronni Itoophiyaa waan dadhabaniif waraanni Yejjuu Itoophiyaa keessaa tokkoffaa ture.
Oromoonni bara sunnitti beekkamoo turan keessaa 1. Bulchituu Menen kan Wollo, kan bara 1800 Empress taate. 2. Ras Mohaammad kan Wollo, kan Raas Mikaa'el ta'e, achiin bulchiinsa Sion. 3. Bulchituu Menen kan Ambaassel, kan haadha manaa Hayila Sillaasee taate.
Humnaa fi maatii imperiyaalaa wajjin walitti qabamuf jecha ummatni Oromoo hedduun Kiristaanummaatti jijjiiramanii turan. Itti fufee immoo, gara dhuma 1800ffaatti, Emperor Yohaannis 4ffaan gosa Oromoo Walloo keessa jiran hunda akka Kiristaanummaatti jijjiraman yookaan immoo akka qabeenya isaanii dhaban sodaachisee ture. Kun immoo gosa Oromoo lafa warra dhiisan akka gara kibbaatti godaanan warra godhee ture. Bulchaan Oromoo Mohaammad maqaa jijjiratee Abbaa lafaa Mikaa'el jedhame, niitii erga fuudhee booda abbaa Emperor Iyyaasuu 4ffaa ta'e.
[edit]jalqaba waliti aanu
Arsii
Baalee
Boorana
Jimma
Iluu Abbaa Booraa
Shawaa Dhihaa
Harargee Bahaa
Wallaga Bahaa
Harargee Dhihaa
Shawaa Bahaa
Shawaa Kaabaa
Wallaga Dhihaa
Gujii
[edit]Qoqqoodama Oromoo
Ummani Oromoo bakka kudha lamatti adda bahan. Bakka dhiha baha irra eegalee hanga bahaatti tuutnitun:
Ummani Wallaggaa ummata naannawa dhihaa jiraatu ummanni kun naannawa bishaanii jiraatan;
Oromoo Maccaa, Laga Dhidheessaa fi laga Oomoogidduu, kibba laga Gibee jiraatu.
Oromoo Tuulamaa, Handhuura Oromiyaa naannoo Finfinneejiraatu;
The Oromoo Walloo, gara Kaabaa naannoo Amaaraa godina addaa Oromiyaa Oromia Zone, naannoo Hara Ashangee, jiraatu; Oromoo Raayyaafi Yejjuu Oromoo jedhamu
The Ittu Oromo, who live in the Oromia Region from the Laga Hawaas guddaa fi magaalaa Dirree Dhawaa Dire Dawajiraatu;
The Oromoo Anniyyaa , kibba warra Ituu fi dhiha Laga Erer jiraatu;
The Ala Oromoo,magaalaa Hararfi laga Erer River dhihatti, warra Ituu fi Anniyyaa gidduu jiraatu;
The Nole Oromo, magaalaa Dirree Dhawaa bahatti kaaba magaalaa Harar;
The Babille Oromo, who are one of the easternmost subgroup, living east of the Erer River in the Oromia Region, and south of the other easternmost subgroup,
The Oromoo Jaarsoo, godina Harargee Bahaa gara bahaatti;
The Oromoo Arsii, godinaalee Arsii, Baalee fi haga tokko Shawaa bahaa keessa jiraatu.
The Oromoo Booranaa, Kibba Oromiyaa fi kaaba Keeniyaa jiraatu.
The Warra Qaalluu, laga Hawaas Awash River fi magaalaa Dirree Dhawaa Dire Dawa gidduu jiraatu.
The Oromoo Gujii, who are the southern part subgroup of the Oromo, inhabiting neighboring the Borena Oromo.
[edit]Oromoo Beekkamoo
Amaan Hedatoo political activist and new singer
Abbabaa Abbishuu - political activist and prominent singer
Abbaaduulaa Gammadaa - Perezidaantii naannoo Oromiyaa afraffaa fi hogganaa Dh.D.U.O
Abas Hadji - Barreessaa seenaa waa'ee ummata Arsii barreesse
Mootii Abbaa Jifaar II Jimmaa fi naannoo ishee bulchaa ture.
Abbas Gnamo - professor
Abdiisaa Aagaa - Escapee from Italian prison and leader of a squad for the Allies during WWII
Hon. Abdissa Yadeta Muleta-Ethiopian State Minister of Youth & Sport
Abdulkariim Ibraahim Hamiid (Jaarraa Abbaa Gadaa) - Hundeessitooota ABO keessaa isa tokko kan ta'eefi hoogganaa 'Front for Democratic Oromia' (FDO)
Abdulsemed M. Yousuf Dr. barreessaa seerluga Afaan Oromoo and authority on Oromo grammar
Raas Abbabaa Aragaay, Jeneraala qubattoota Xaaliyaanii lolan (1930s)
Abbabaa Biqilaa - Olimpikii irratti akka Afrikaa fi Itoophiyaatti madaaliyaa warqee badhaafamuun isa tokkoffaal in the Olympics (maraatoonii; miila qullaa fiiguun)
Abebe Kebede - prominent singer from the 1980s
Abebe Tesema - a famous singer
Abiyyuu Galataa - OLF leader
Abubaker Usman Oda (Sheikh Bakri Saphalo) - Sabboonaa Oromoo fi hayyuu Musliimaa; Qubee Afaan Oromoo boce.
Hon. Adaanech Abbabee Dessa - Secrateray General of (HPR)House of Peolples Representative
Colonel Alamuu Qixxeessaa - Hundeessaa fi hoogganaa dhaaba 'Maccaafi Tuulamaa
Ali Birra - Wallisaa beekamaa fi sabboonaa
Ras Ali II of Yejju, Enderase or Regent of the Ethiopian Emperor, and effectively the ruler of Ethiopia
Amaan Kadir Kamsaree - Hayyuu Oromoo and one of the founders of Front for Independence of Oromia
Asaffaa Jaalataa - barreessaa fi piroofeesara (author and professor)
Ayyaanaa Birruu - invented the Amharic typewriter of Ethiopia
Baaroo Tumsaa - warra ABO hundeessan keessaa tokko.
Sheek Bakrii Saphaloo- hayyuu fi ogeessa walaloo. Sirna barreeffama Qubee Afaan Oromoo kan boce.
Dejazmach Baalchaa Abbaa Nafsoo - Jeneraala Itoophiyaa Waraana Adwaa hooggane.
Bedri Kabira Mohammed - founder of the Saphaloo Foundation
Birhaanee Adaree- won the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships
Boruu Sheko Baatii- Regional leader
Hon. Bulchaa Dammaqsaa Sanbatoo- hoogganaa WFDO OFDM miseensa paarlaamaa,
Daawud Ibsaa Ayyaanaa - Hoogganaa ABO
Daraartuu Tulluu - Long Distance runner and Gold Winner at the Olympics
Dubbalee Jaalee- Hoogganaa Baankii Biyyoolessaa Itoophiyaa
Dubba Gololcha - Regional leader
Eebbisaa Addunyaa - wallisaa jaallatamaa fi sabboonaa
Professor Ephrem Isaac - Multilnigual author and professor
Elemo Qiltu - Hero among heros. Known as the first true fighter for the sake of Oromo people.
Hon. Fantaye Gezahegn Urgesa- Deputy Chairperson of the Ethiopian Legal & Adminiistration Affairs Committee
Faaxumaa Roobaa - Long Distance runner and 1996 marathon winner.
Gadaa Gammadaa - One of the OLF founders
Hon. Fetia Yesuf Mumed- Deputy Chairperson of the Ethiopian Capacity Building Affairs Committee
Galaasaa Dilboo - Hoogganaa ABO
Geexee Waamii - cross country and track runner.
Hon. Girmaa Birruu Gadaa- EThiopian Minister of Trade & Industry
Hon. Giiftii Abbaasiyyaa Abbaabulgaa - Chairperson of Ethiopian Women's Affairs Committee
Guyyoo Dhaabasaa - gadaa scholar
Haile Gebreselassie - King of Long distance running and marathon runner.
Haayile Maariyaam Gammadaa Dhaaba Maccaa fi Tuulama kan hundeesse.
Haayiluu kitaabaa- Wallistoota Oromoo daran jaallataman keessaa tokko kan ta'e.
Hasan Alii Pirezidaantii naannoo Oromiyaa isa jalqabaa.
Hordofaa Guyyaasaa author
Ibsaa Guutamaa - former Minister of Education
Ibsaa Sisaay - author
Jamaal Roobalee also known as Guutamaa Hawaas - One of the OLF founders
Hon. Kebede Abera Odo-Chairman of the Ethiopian Trade & Industry Affairs Committee
General Kemal Galchu - a former Ethiopian General
Juneidi Sado - pirezidaanttii naannoo Oromiyaa sadaffaa (2001-2005)
Qananiisaa Baqqalaa - Ethiopian long distance runner
Kumaa Dammaqsaa - Pirezidaantii naannoo Oromiyaa lammaffaa 1995-2001)kan tureefi amma kantiibaa magaalaa Finfinnee
'Kuwee' Martha Kumsa - acclaimed journalist and imprisoned professor
Laggasaa Abdii - wallisaa fi taphataa ximboo (masiinqoo)ger
Leencoo Lataa - former OLF hoogganaa ABO,injineera, ogeessa siyaasaa,barreessaa
Legaba Bekele Hordofa Chengire – Responsible for the Royal Palace (Gibbi)
Leencoo Baatii - Spoke Person
[[Maammoo Mazammir]- Miseensa Waldaa Maccaa fi Tuulamaa
Mamo Wolde - Ethiopian long-distance runner, winner of the marathon at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Dr. Merera Gudina - author and professor, OFC (ONC + OFDM) opposition party executive member, Ethiopian parliamentarian
Merkuria Bulcha - author and professor
Hon. Ambassador Mohammed Ali Ibrahim-Chairman of the Ethiopian Foreign, Defense & Security Affairs Committee
Sheikh Mohamed Rashad Abdulle - Hayyuu Musliimaa Qur'aana Afaan Oromootti hiike.
Mohammed Hassen Ali - professor of history at Georgia University and one of the most prolific writers on Oromo history
Mul'is Abbaa gadaa sabboonaa beekamaaand one of the founders of Oromo liberation Army
Nadhii Gammadaa - One of the OLF founders
Hon. Dr. Negaso Gidada Solan- Pirezidaantii Itoophiyaa durii fi miseensa paarlaamaa
Nuho Mohammed Gobana - one of the best Oromo singers
Omar Suleyman - Legend Oromo Artist and Nationalist
Onesimoos Nasiib - lallabaa wangeelaa fi Kitaaba Qululluu Afaan Oromootti kan hiike
Qamar Yusuf - Oromo tranditional singer; known as the Master of Shaggoyyee
Hon. Shiferaw Jariso Tedecha - EPRDF government minister (chief)
Hon. Sofiyan Ahmed Beker - Ethiopian Minister of Finance & Economic Development
Qurquji Simboo - renowned Oromo vocalist and Oromo nationalism advocator
Ramadaan Huseen Khaliil - First oromo libration fighter
Tafarii Bantii - former Ethiopian president
Tesfaye Jale Geche- Former Education Department Head of West-Shoa Administrative Zone
Tilahun Gessesse - Wallisaa Toophiyaa guddicha
Dr. Tilahun Gamta - Renowned Oromo linguist and author of the most comprehensive Oromo English Dictionary
Gen. Taaddasaa Birruu - Nelson Maandellaa kan leenjise,abbaa qabsoo ykn sabboonummaa Oromoo goota Itoophiyaa hoogganaa humna darbatamaa
Dr. Tashomee Soromessa - author and professor
Xirunesh Dibaabaa - Ethiopian long-distance runner
Umar Suleyman - wallisaa beekkamaa
Gen. Waaqoo Guutuu - leader of the United Liberation Forces of Oromia (ULFO)
[Hon. Workneh Gebeyehu Negewo]] - Commissioner of the Federal Police
Lij Yilmaa Dheeressaa Amantuu: Minister of Finance, Commerce & Industry and Foreign Affairs in Emperor Haile Selassie's cabinet; economist; historian; and, celebrated wit. Author of Ye Ityopia Tarik be Asrasideste Naw Kifle Zemen.
Ibsaa Eebbaa Fayisaa - One of the OLF founders, Organizer, Author and Engineer
Girmaa Gooroo Gonfaa - Qo'ataa fi Barsiisaa
Haile Fida the founder of MEISON political party.
AUTHOR(S)
Dagm Alemayehu Tegegn
KEYWORDS
Limmu Ennary, Limmu Genet, Urbanization, Development
ABSTRACT
Seenaa Oromoo Hanga Jaarraa 16 Ffaa Pdf Full
The process of modern urbanization in Ethiopia began to take shape since the later part of the nineteenth century. The territorial expansion of emperor Menelik (r. 1889 –1913), political stability and effective centralization and bureaucratization of government brought relative acceleration of the pace of urbanization in Ethiopia; the improvement of the system of transportation and communication are identified as factors that contributed to this new phase of urban development. Central government expansion to the south led to the appearance of garrison centers which gradually developed to small-sized urban center or Katama. The garrison were established either on already existing settlements or on fresh sites and also physically they were situated on hill tops. Consequently, Limmu Genet town was founded on the former Limmu Ennarya state’s territory as a result of the territorial expansion of the central government and system of administration. Although the history of the town and its people trace many year back to the present, no historical study has been conducted on. Therefore the aim of this study is to explore the history of Limmu Genet town from its foundation up to present.
REFERENCES
Seenaa Oromoo Hanga Jaarraa 16 Ffaa Pdf Part
I. Unpublished Documents
Archival Materials
[1]. Limmu kossa Administration Office archive section: File number 651/6/3/69; File number 17/1415/15/70; File number 5948/1/22-4/81; File number 1637/1/22-4/82; File number 4437/1/22-5/86
Manuscripts
[2]. Ministry of Coffee and Tea Development.1981. Coffee Plantation Development Corporation, Planning and Program Service. Jimma.
[3]. ______________. 1980. Bebeka wood utilization and coffee plantation development project study.
[4]. ______________. 1984. National estimation for coffee Land and production studies result, the first level report, planning and program directives. Addis Ababa.
Theses and Dissertations
[5]. Dagm Alemayehu.2016. “A History of coffee Production and Marketing in Limmu Awraja (1900 – 1991).” MA Thesis (Jimma University. History).
[6]. Guluma Gemeda .1984. ”Gomma and Limmu: The Process of State Formation among the Oromo in the Gibe Region (1750-1889)”, MA Thesis (A.A.U, History)
[7]. Yonas Seifu. 2002. “A Historical survey of Jimma town (1938-1974).” MA Thesis (Addis Ababa University. History).
Published Documents
1. Agreements, Decrees, Newspaper, Journals, Proceedings and Book Chapters
[8]. Addis Reporter, Jan. 1970 p 22-23.
[9]. Atlas: Ethiopian maps information (Addis Ababa, 1979).
[10]. CSA .1994. Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Oromia Region, Vol. 1, part 1, Addis Ababa.
[11]. Development Credit Agreement. March 20, 1972. Coffee Processing Project between Empire of Ethiopia and International Development Association, Conformed Copy credit Number 290.
[12]. Ethiopian Observer. “Coffee: Coffee Production and Its problems”, volume 4, number 6.1960.
[13]. Fed Neg Gaz. Feb. 2009. Regulations No. 161, Year 15 No. 22, Art 2(1)(c), Coffee Quality Control and Transaction Council of Ministers Regulation,
[14]. Government of Ethiopia, Ministry of Coffee and Tea development.1987. “World Bank: Coffee Marketing, Processing, Transporting and Storage Study Final report.” V. 3, Annex III, ULG Consultants. Addis Ababa.
[15]. Guluma Gemeda .1986. “Some Notes on Food Crops and Coffee Cultivation in Jimma and Limmu Awraja , Kaffa Administrative region ,1950s to 1970s” , Proceedings of the Third Annual Seminar of Department of History, Addis Ababa University.
[16]. ____________.1989. ”Market, Local Trades and the Long Distance Merchants of the Nineteenth Century’’, International Conference on Ethiopian Studies, Vol. 1 (A.A.U.)
[17]. ____________. 1994. “Some Aspects of Agrarian Change in the Gibe Region: The Rise and fall of Modern Coffee Farmers, 1948-1976”, The Twelfth International Conference of Ethiopia Studies, Michigan University.
[18]. Ministry of coffee and Tea development: “Coffee Plantation Development Corporation, Planning and Program Service” .1981. Jimma.
[19]. ____________. 1980. “Bebeka Wood Utilization and Coffee Plantation Development Project Study”, Addis Ababa.
[20]. ____________.1984. “National Estimation for Coffee Land and Production Studies Result”, the first level report, planning and program directives, Addis Ababa.
[21]. Negarit Gazeta, Year 16, No. 4. This legislation was re adopted by a parliament in 1961 with slight amendments and renumbered as Proclamation No. 178/1961.
Books
[22]. Abir, Mordechai .1968. Era of princes, the challenge of Islam and the re- unification of the Christian empire 1769-1855, London.
[23]. Addis Hiwot .1975. Ethiopia from Autocracy to Revolution. Review of African political Economy. London
[24]. Asefa Jalata.1993.Oromia and Ethiopia: state formation and ethno national conflict, 1868-1992, Boulder and London.
[25]. Bahru Zewde .2002. A History of Modern Ethiopia 1855-1991, second edition (London, Athens and Addis).
[26]. Bahrey, Almaida, Huntingford and Beckingham. 1993. History of the Oromo of Ethiopia: with ethnology and history of the southwest Ethiopia.
[27]. Gadaa Melbaa .1988. Oromia: an introduction to the History of the Oromo people. Khartoum.
[28]. Hiberland, Eike . 1965. Oromo Sud Aithopians, trans. peter Wigard. Addis Ababa.
[29]. Ketebo Abdiyo.2012. Abba Jiffar II of Jimma Kingdom, 1861- 1934: A Biography. Jimma University.
[30]. Lange, Werner. 1982. History of Ganga (South east Ethiopia), Relation of production in feudal, Kaffa and Shaka. Franz Steiner Verlag GMBH,Wiesbaden.
[31]. Lewis, H.S. 1965. Jimma Abba Jiffar: An Oromo Monarchy of Ethiopia (1830-1932) University of Wisconsin press.
[32]. McCann, James .1995. People of the Plow: An Agricultural History of Ethiopia 1800 -1990 Wisconsin press.
[33]. Mohammed Hassen .1994. The Oromo of Ethiopia: A History of 1570-1860, Cambridge University press.
[34]. Oromia Cultural and Tourism Bureau (OCTB).1992. Seenaa Oromoo hanga jaarraa 16ffaa ( Finfinnee)
[35]. Pankhrust, Richard .1968. Economic History of Ethiopia, 1800 -1935.Addis Ababa.
[36]. Shiferaw Bekele(ed).1995. An Economic History of Ethiopia: The imperial era 1941 - 1974. Vol.I, Addis Ababa university press.